Machine Intelligence Laboratory

Cambridge University Department of Engineering

Andrew Gee's publications

Refereed journal articles

K.E.S. Poole, G.M. Treece, R.A. Pearson, A.H. Gee, M.A. Bolognese, J.P. Brown, S. Goemaere, A. Grauer, D.A. Hanley, C. Mautalen, C. Recknor, Y.C. Yang, M. Rojeski, C. Libanati and T. Whitmarsh. Romosozumab enhances vertebral bone structure in women with low bone density. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 37(2):256-264, February 2022.

T.D. Turmezei, S.B. Low, S. Rupret, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee, J.W. MacKay, J.A. Lynch, K.E.S. Poole and N.A. Segal. Quantitative three-dimensional assessment of knee joint space width from weight-bearing CT. Radiology, 299(3):649-659, June 2021.

A.H. Gee, Y. Zhao, G.M. Treece and M.L. Bance. Practicable assessment of cochlear size and shape from clinical CT images. Scientific Reports 11, 3448, February 2021.

T.D. Turmezei, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee, S. Sigurdsson, H. Jonsson, T. Aspelund, V. Gudnason. and K.E.S. Poole. Quantitative 3D imaging parameters improve prediction of hip osteoarthritis outcome. Scientific Reports 10, 4127, March 2020.

T.D. Turmezei, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee, R. Houlden and K.E.S. Poole. A new quantitative 3D approach to imaging of structural joint disease. Scientific Reports 8, 9280, June 2018.

A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece and K.E.S. Poole. How does the femoral cortex depend on bone shape? A methodology for the joint analysis of surface texture and shape. Medical Image Analysis, 45:55-67, April 2018.

T. Whitmarsh, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and K.E.S. Poole. An exploratory study into measuring the cortical bone thickness from CT in the presence of metal implants. International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery, 12(12):2079-2086, December 2017.

Z.J. Tsegai, N.B. Stephens, G.M. Treece, M.M. Skinner, T.L. Kivell and A.H. Gee. Cortical bone mapping: an application to hand and foot bones in hominoids. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 16(5-6):690-701, August-September 2017.

Z.J. Tsegai, M.M. Skinner, A.H. Gee, D.H. Pahr, G.M. Treece, J-J. Hublin and T.L. Kivell. Trabecular and cortical bone structure of the talus and distal tibia in Pan and Homo. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 163(4):784-805, August 2017.

K.E. Poole, L. Skingle, A.H. Gee, T.D. Turmezei, F. Johannesdottir, K. Blesic, C. Rose, M. Vindlacheruvu, S. Donell, J. Vaculik, P. Dungl, M. Horak, J.J. Stepan, J. Reeve and G.M. Treece. Focal osteoporotic defects play a key role in hip fracture. Bone, 94:124-134, January 2017.

T.D. Turmezei, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee, A.F. Fotiadou and K.E.S. Poole. Quantitative 3D analysis of bone in hip osteoarthritis using clinical computed tomography. European Radiology, 26(7):2047-2054, July 2016.

T. Whitmarsh, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and K.E.S. Poole. The effects on the femoral cortex of a 24 month treatment compared to an 18 month treatment with teriparatide: a multi-trial retrospective analysis. PLoS ONE, 11(2):e0147722, February 2016.

A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece, C. Tonkin, D.M. Black and K.E.S. Poole. Association between femur size and a focal defect of the superior femoral neck. Bone, 81:60-66, December 2015.

G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee, C. Tonkin, S.K. Ewing, P.M. Cawthon, D.M. Black and K.E.S. Poole. Predicting hip fracture type with Cortical Bone Mapping (CBM) in the osteoporotic fractures in men (MrOS) study. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 30(11):2067-2077, November 2015.

S.J. Allison, K.E.S. Poole, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee, C. Tonkin, W.J. Rennie, J.P. Folland, G.D. Summers and K. Brooke-Wavell. The influence of high impact exercise on cortical and trabecular bone mineral content and 3D distribution across the proximal femur in older men: a randomised controlled unilateral intervention. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 30(9):1709-1716, September 2015.

T. Whitmarsh, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and K.E.S. Poole. Mapping bone changes at the proximal femoral cortex of postmenopausal women in response to alendronate and teriparatide alone, combined or sequentially. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 30(7):1309-1318, July 2015.

G.M. Treece and A.H. Gee. Independent measurement of femoral cortical thickness and cortical bone density using clinical CT. Medical Image Analysis, 20(1):249-264, February 2015.

K.E.S. Poole, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee, J.P. Brown, M.R. McClung, A. Wang and C. Libanati. Denosumab rapidly increases cortical bone in key locations of the femur: a 3D bone mapping study in women with osteoporosis. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 30(1):46-54, January 2015.

A.H. Gee and G.M. Treece. Systematic misregistration and the statistical analysis of surface data. Medical Image Analysis, 18(2):385–393, February 2014.

U.Z. Ijaz, R.J. Housden, G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager and A.H. Gee. Multidirectional scattering models for 3D ultrasound. Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, 32(4):699-714, April 2013.

R.J. Housden, A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece and R.W. Prager. Ultrasonic imaging of 3D displacement vectors using a simulated 2D array and beamsteering. Ultrasonics, 53(2):615-621, February 2013.

E. Dyer, U.Z. Ijaz, R. Housden, R. Prager, A. Gee and G. Treece. A clinical system for three-dimensional extended-field-of-view ultrasound. British Journal of Radiology, 85:e919-e924, October 2012.

G.M. Treece, K.E.S. Poole. and A.H. Gee. Imaging the femoral cortex: thickness, density and mass from clinical CT. Medical Image Analysis, 16(5):952-965, July 2012.

K.E.S. Poole, G.M. Treece, P.M. Mayhew, J. Vaculik, P. Dungl, M. Horak, J. Stepan and A.H. Gee. Cortical thickness mapping to identify focal osteoporosis in patients with hip fracture. PLoS ONE, 7(6):e38466, June 2012.

E. Neale, R. Housden, R. Crawford, G. Treece, E. Sala, A. Gee and R. Prager. A pilot study using transvaginal real-time ultrasound elastography to evaluate the postmenopausal endometrium. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 38(2):235-236, August 2011.

R.J. Housden, L. Chen, A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece, C. Uff, J. Fromageau, L. Garcia, R.W. Prager, N.L. Dorward and J.C. Bamber. A new method for the acquisition of ultrasonic strain image volumes. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 37(3):434-441, March 2011.

W.H. Gomersall, R.W. Prager, D. Hodgson, N.G. Kingsbury, G.M. Treece and A.H. Gee. Efficient implementation of spatially-varying 3D ultrasound deconvolution. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 58(1):234-238, January 2011.

K.E.S. Poole, G.M. Treece, G.R. Ridgway, P.M. Mayhew, J. Borggrefe and A.H. Gee. Targeted regeneration of bone in the osteoporotic human femur. PLoS ONE, 6(1):e16190, January 2011.

L. Chen, R.J. Housden, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. A normalization method for axial-shear strain elastography. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 57(12):2833-2838, December 2010.

U.Z. Ijaz, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and G.M. Treece. Optimisation strategies for ultrasound volume registration. Measurement Science and Technology, 21(8):085803, August 2010.

L. Chen, S.J. Freeman, A.H. Gee, R.J. Housden, R.W. Prager, R. Sinnatamby, and G.M. Treece. Initial clinical experience of an ultrasonic strain imaging system with novel noise masking capability. British Journal of Radiology, 83(992), 702-706, August 2010.

H-C. Shin, R.W. Prager, W.H. Gomersall, N.G. Kingsbury, G.M. Treece and A.H. Gee. Estimation of speed of sound in dual-layered media using medical ultrasound image deconvolution. Ultrasonics, 50(7):716-725, June 2010.

G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee, P.M. Mayhew and K.E.S. Poole. High resolution cortical bone thickness measurement from clinical CT data. Medical Image Analysis, 14(3):276-290, June 2010.

L. Chen, R.J. Housden, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. A hybrid displacement estimation method for ultrasonic elasticity imaging. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 57(4):866-882, April 2010.

H-C. Shin, R.W. Prager, W.H. Gomersall, N.G. Kingsbury, G.M. Treece and A.H. Gee. Estimation of average speed of sound using deconvolution of medical ultrasound data. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 36(4):623-636, April 2010.

R.J. Housden, A.H. Gee, R.W. Prager and G.M. Treece. 3D ultrasonic strain imaging using freehand scanning and a mechanically-swept probe. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 57(2):501-506, February 2010.

G.M. Treece, J.E. Lindop, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Uniform precision ultrasound strain imaging. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 56(11):2420-2436, November 2009.

E.J. Harris, R. Symonds-Taylor, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee, R.W. Prager, P. Brabants, P.M. Evans. Evaluation of a three-dimensional ultrasound localisation system incorporating probe pressure correction for use in partial breast irradiation. British Journal of Radiology, 82(982):839-846, October 2009.

L. Chen, G.M. Treece, J.E. Lindop, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. A quality-guided displacement tracking algorithm for ultrasonic elasticity imaging. Medical Image Analysis, 13(2):286-296, April 2009.

H-C. Shin, R.W. Prager, J.K.H. Ng, W.H. Gomersall, N.G. Kingsbury, G.M. Treece and A.H. Gee. Sensitivity to point-spread function parameters in medical ultrasound image deconvolution. Ultrasonics, 49(3):344-357, March 2009.

P-W. Hsu, G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager, N.E. Houghton and A.H. Gee. Comparison of freehand 3D ultrasound calibration techniques using a stylus. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 34(10):1610-1621, October 2008.

J.E. Lindop, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. The general properties including accuracy and resolution of linear filtering methods for strain estimation. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 55(11):2363-2368, November 2008.

R.J. Housden, A.H. Gee, R.W. Prager and G.M. Treece. Rotational motion in sensorless freehand three-dimensional ultrasound. Ultrasonics, 48(5):412-422, September 2008.

J.E. Lindop, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. An intelligent interface for freehand strain imaging. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 34(7):1117-1128, July 2008.

J.E. Lindop, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Dynamic resolution selection in ultrasonic strain imaging. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 34(5):809-823, May 2008.

G.M. Treece, J.E. Lindop, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Freehand ultrasound elastography with a 3D probe. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology. 34(3):463-474, March 2008.

P-W. Hsu, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and G.M. Treece. Real-time freehand 3D ultrasound calibration. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 34(2):239-251, February 2008.

R.J. Housden, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Calibration of an orientation sensor for freehand 3D ultrasound and its use in a hybrid acquisition system. Biomedical Engineering Online, 7:5, January 2008.

J.E. Lindop, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Phase-based ultrasonic deformation estimation. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 55(1):94-111, January 2008.

C.J.C. Cash, C.E. Coles, G.M. Treece, A.D. Purushotham, P. Britton, R. Sinnatamby, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Breast cancers: non-invasive method of preoperative localization with three-dimensional US and surface contour mapping. Radiology, 245(2):556-566, November 2007.

C.E. Coles, C.J.C. Cash, G.M. Treece, F.N.A.C. Miller, A.C.F. Hoole, A.H. Gee, R.W. Prager, R. Sinnatamby, P. Britton, J.S. Wilkinson, A.D. Puruthshotham and N.G. Burnet. High definition three-dimensional ultrasound to localise the tumour bed: a breast radiotherapy planning study. Radiotherapy and Oncology, 84(3):233-241, September 2007.

J.E. Lindop, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Estimation of displacement location for enhanced strain imaging. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 54(9):1751-1771, September 2007.

R.J. Housden, A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece and R.W. Prager. Sensorless reconstruction of unconstrained freehand 3D ultrasound data. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 33(3):408-419, March 2007.

J.K.H. Ng, R.W. Prager, N.G. Kingsbury, G.M. Treece and A.H. Gee. Wavelet restoration of medical pulse-echo ultrasound images in an EM framework. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control. 54(3):550-568, March 2007

G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager and A.H. Gee. Ultrasound compounding with automatic attenuation compensation using paired angle scans. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 33(4):630-642, April 2007.

R.J. Housden, A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece and R.W. Prager. Subsample interpolation strategies for sensorless freehand 3D ultrasound. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 32(12):1897-1904, December 2006.

P-W. Hsu, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and G.M. Treece. Rapid, easy and reliable calibration for freehand 3D ultrasound. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 32(6):823-835, June 2006.

J.E. Lindop, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. 3D elastography using freehand ultrasound. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 32(4):529-545, April 2006.

J.K.H. Ng, R.W. Prager, N.G. Kingsbury, G.M. Treece and A.H. Gee. Modelling ultrasound imaging as a linear, shift-variant system. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 53(3):549-563, March 2006.

P. Hassenpflug, R.W. Prager, G.M. Treece and A.H. Gee. Speckle classification for sensorless freehand 3D ultrasound. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 31(11):1499-1508, November 2005.

A.H. Gee, R.J. Housden, P. Hassenpflug, G.M. Treece and R.W. Prager. Sensorless freehand 3D ultrasound in real tissue: speckle decorrelation without fully developed speckle. Medical Image Analysis, 10(2):137-149, April 2006.

G. Treece, R. Prager and A. Gee. Ultrasound attenuation measurement in the presence of scatterer variation for reduction of shadowing and enhancement. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 52(12):2346-2360, December 2005.

C.J.C. Cash, A.M. Sardesai, L.H. Berman, M.J. Herrick, G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager and A.H. Gee. Spatial mapping of the brachial plexus using three-dimensional ultrasound. British Journal of Radiology, 78:1086-1094, December 2005.

A.H. Gee, N.E. Houghton, G.M. Treece and R.W. Prager. A mechanical instrument for 3D ultrasound probe calibration. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 31(4):505-518, April 2005.

C.J.C. Cash, G.M. Treece, L.H. Berman, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. 3D reconstruction of the skeletal anatomy of the normal neonatal foot using 3D ultrasound. British Journal of Radiology, 78:587-595, July 2005.

G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. RF and amplitude-based probe pressure correction for 3D ultrasound. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 31(4):493-503, April 2005.

C.J.C. Cash, L. Berman, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Two and three dimensional ultrasound in the development of a needle-free injection system. British Journal of Radiology, 77:236-242, March 2004.

A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager, C.J.C. Cash and L. Berman. Rapid registration for wide field-of-view freehand three-dimensional ultrasound. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 22(11):1344-1357, November 2003.

G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee, R.W. Prager, C.J.C. Cash and L. Berman. High definition freehand 3D ultrasound. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 29(4):529-546, April 2003.

R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece, C.J.C. Cash and L. Berman. Sensorless freehand 3D ultrasound using regression of the echo intensity. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 29(3):437-446, March 2003.

G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and L. Berman. Correction of probe pressure artifacts in freehand 3D ultrasound. Medical Image Analysis, 6(3):199-215, September 2002.

R. Prager, A. Gee, G. Treece and L. Berman. Freehand 3D ultrasound without voxels: volume measurement and visualisation using the Stradx system. Ultrasonics, 40(1-8):109-115, May 2002.

B. Carmo, A. Gee, R. Prager and L. Berman. Speckle detection for 3D ultrasound. Ultrasonics, 40(1-8):129-132, May 2002.

R. Prager, A. Gee, G. Treece and L. Berman. Analysis of speckle in ultrasound images using fractional-order statistics of the homodyned k-distribution. Ultrasonics, 40(1-8):133-137, May 2002.

A.H. Gee, R.W. Prager, G.M. Treece and L. Berman. Narrow-band volume rendering for freehand 3D ultrasound. Computers and Graphics, 26(3):463-476, June 2002.

R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece and L. Berman. Decompression and speckle detection for ultrasound images using a homodyned k-distribution. Pattern Recognition Letters, 24(4-5):705-713, February 2003.

G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager and A.H. Gee. Volume-based three-dimensional metamorphosis using region correspondence. The Visual Computer, 17(7):397-414, October 2001.

G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and L. Berman. 3D ultrasound examination of large organs. Medical Image Analysis, 5(1):41-54, March 2001.

G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and L. Berman. Surface interpolation from sparse cross-sections using region correspondence. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 19(11):1106-1114, November 2000.

P.M. Tuomola, A.H. Gee, R.W. Prager and L. Berman. Body-centered visualisation for freehand 3D ultrasound. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 26(4):539-550, June 2000.

G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager and A.H. Gee. Regularised marching tetrahedra: improved iso-surface extraction. Computers and Graphics, 23(4):583-598, 1999.

R.N. Rohling, A.H. Gee and L. Berman. A comparison of freehand three-dimensional ultrasound reconstruction techniques. Medical Image Analysis, 3(4):339-359, 1999.

J.F.G. de Freitas, M. Niranjan and A.H. Gee. Hierarchical Bayesian models for regularisation in sequential learning. Neural Computation, 12(4):933-953, April 2000.

J.F.G. de Freitas, M. Niranjan, A.H. Gee and A. Doucet. Sequential Monte Carlo methods to train neural network models. Neural Computation, 12(4):955-993, April 2000.

G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and L. Berman. Fast surface and volume estimation from non-parallel cross-sections, for freehand 3-D ultrasound. Medical Image Analysis, 3(2):141-173, 1999.

A.R. Zappalá, A.H. Gee and M.J. Taylor. Document mosaicing. Image and Vision Computing, 17(8):589-595, June 1999.

B.V. Levienaise-Obadia and A.H. Gee. Adaptive segmentation of ultrasound images. Image and Vision Computing, 17(8):583-588, June 1999.

R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and L. Berman. Stradx: real-time acquisition and visualization of freehand three-dimensional ultrasound. Medical Image Analysis, 3(2):129-140, 1999.

R.W. Prager, R.N. Rohling, A.H. Gee and L. Berman. Rapid calibration for 3-D freehand ultrasound. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 24(6):855-869, July 1998.

R.N. Rohling, A.H. Gee and L. Berman. Automatic registration of 3-D ultrasound images. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 24(6):841-854, July 1998.

R. Rohling, A. Gee and L. Berman. Three-dimensional spatial compounding of ultrasound images. Medical Image Analysis, 1(3):177-193, April 1997.

A.H. Gee and R. Cipolla. Fast visual tracking by temporal consensus. Image and Vision Computing, 14(2):105-114, 1996.

A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Limitations of neural networks for solving travelling salesman problems. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, 6(1):280-282, January 1995.

S.Abe and A.H. Gee. Global convergence of the Hopfield neural network with non-zero diagonal elements. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems: II - Analogue and Digital Signal Processing, 42(1):39-45, January 1995.

A.H. Gee and R. Cipolla. Determining the gaze of faces in images. Image and Vision Computing, 12(10):639-647, December 1994.

A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Polyhedral combinatorics and neural networks. Neural Computation, 6(1):161-180, January 1994.

A.H. Gee, S.V.B. Aiyer, and R.W. Prager. An analytical framework for optimizing neural networks. Neural Networks, 6(1):79-97, 1993.

Invited journal articles

F. Hrncirik, I.V. Roberts, C. Swords, P.J. Christopher, A. Chhabu, A.H. Gee and M.L. Bance. Impact of scala tympani geometry on insertion forces during implantation. Biosensors, 12(11):999, November 2022.

G.M. Treece and A.H. Gee. Cortical bone mapping: measurement and statistical analysis of localised skeletal changes. Current Osteoporosis Reports, 16(5):617-625, October 2018.

K.E.S. Poole, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee, J.P. Brown, M.R. McClung, A. Wang and C. Libanati. Response to: Comment on: "Denosumab Rapidly Increases Cortical Bone in Key Locations of the Femur: A 3D Bone Mapping Study in Women With Osteoporosis". Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 30(10):1939-1940, October 2015.

G.M. Treece, J.E. Lindop, L. Chen, R.J. Housden, R.W. Prager and A.H. Gee. Real-time quasistatic ultrasound elastography. Interface Focus, 1(4):540-552, 2011.

R.W. Prager, U.Z. Ijaz, A.H. Gee and G.M. Treece. Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging. In Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H, Journal of Engineering in Medicine, 224(H2):193-223, 2010.

A. Gee, J. Lindop, G. Treece, R. Prager and S. Freeman. Stable, intelligible ultrasonic strain imaging. Ultrasound, 16(4):187-192, November 2008.

A. Gee, R. Prager, G. Treece, C. Cash and L. Berman. Processing and visualising three-dimensional ultrasound data. British Journal of Radiology, 77:S186-S193, 2004.

A.H. Gee, R.W. Prager, G.M. Treece and L. Berman. Engineering a freehand 3D ultrasound system. Pattern Recognition Letters, 24(4-5):757-777, February 2003.

J.F.G. de Freitas, M. Niranjan and A.H. Gee. Dynamic learning with the EM algorithm for neural networks. The Journal of VLSI Signal Processing, 26(1/2):119-131, August 2000.

R. Cipolla, N.J. Hollinghurst, A.H. Gee and R.R. Dowland. Computer vision in interactive robotics. Assembly Automation, 16(1):13-19, 1996.

Invited book chapters

P-W. Hsu, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece. Freehand 3D ultrasound calibration: a review. In Ch. W. Sensen and B. Hallgrimsson, editors, Advanced Imaging in Biology and Medicine, pages 47-84, Springer, 2009.

J.F.G. De Freitas, C. Andrieu, P. Hojen-Sorensen, M. Niranjan and A.H. Gee. Sequential Monte Carlo methods for neural networks. In A. Doucet, J.F.G. de Freitas and N. Gordon, editors, Sequential Monte Carlo Methods in Practice, pages 359-379, Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001.

A.H.Gee and R. Cipolla. Tracking faces. In R. Cipolla and A. Pentland, editors, Computer Vision for Human-Machine Interaction, pages 113-122. Cambridge University Press, 1998.

Invited tutorials

A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Sequential 3D diagnostic ultrasound using the Stradx system. Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention - MICCAI'99, Cambridge, UK, September 1999.

A.H. Gee. Are neural networks any use for optimization? International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, Paris, France, October 1995.

A.H. Gee. Solving optimization problems using neural networks. Neural Network Summer School, Cambridge, UK, September 1993.

Refereed conference proceedings

T.D. Turmezei, S.B. Low, S. Rupret, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee, J.W. MacKay, J.A. Lynch, K.E. Poole and N.A. Segal. Quantitative multiparametric analysis of the knee joint in 3D from weight bearing CT in the assessment of structural joint disease. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 29(S324-S325), April 2021.

K.E.S. Poole, G.M. Treece, R.A. Pearson, A.H. Gee, M.A. Bolognese, J.P. Brown, S. Goemaere, A. Grauer, D.A. Hanley, C. Mautalen, C. Recknor, Y.C. Yang, C. Libanati and T. Whitmarsh. Romosozumab enhances 3D vertebral structure in women with low bone density: mapping bone gains at one year compared with teriparatide or placebo. In Proceedings of the World Congress on Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases, Paris, France, April 2019 (Osteoporosis International, 30(S2):S164, 2019).

S.B. Low, S.A. Neil, J.A. Lynch, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee, K.E. Poole and T.D. Turmezei. 3D joint space mapping of the knee: a feasibility study with standing CT data from the multicenter osteoarthritis study. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 27(S343-S345), April 2019.

T.D. Turmezei, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee, S. Sigurdsson, H. Jonsson, T. Aspelund, V. Gudnason and K.E. Poole. 3D joint space mapping is a better predictor of future total hip replacement than current 2D radiographic gold standards: an AGES-Reykjavik study. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 27(S341-S342), April 2019.

I.S. Burkov, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee, T.D. Turmezei, F. Johannesdottir, S. Sigurdsson, T. Aspelund, T.B. Harris, H. Jonsson, V. Gudnason and K.E.S. Poole. Predicting total hip replacement for symptomatic OA using radiographs or clinical CT. In Proceedings of the World Congress on Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases, Krakow, Poland, April 2018 (Osteoporosis International, 29(S1):S443, 2018).

K. Brooke-Wavell, G.M. Treece, S.J. Allison, J.P. Folland, W.J. Rennie, G.D. Summers, A.H. Gee and K.E.S. Poole. Brief high impact exercise increased cortical mass and trabecular density at regions predictive of femoral neck and trochanteric fracture. In Proceedings of the National Osteoporosis Society Conference, Birmingham, UK, November 2016 (Osteoporosis International, 27(S2):626-627, 2016).

K. Brooke-Wavell, G.M. Treece, S.J. Allison, J.P. Folland, W.J. Rennie, G.D. Summers, A.H. Gee and K.E.S. Poole. Brief high impact exercise increased cortical mass and trabecular density at regions predictive of femoral neck and trochanteric fracture. Osteoporosis International, 27:626-627, November 2016.

I.S. Burkov, G. Treece, A. Gee, T. Turmezei, F. Johannesdottir, S. Sigurdsson, T. Aspelund, H. Jonsson, V. Gudnason and K. Poole. 3D cortical bone mapping of the proximal femur in a large prospective population-based study supports the Ganz hypothesis of hip osteoarthritis causation: the AGES-Reykjavik study. In Proceedings of the Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, London, UK, June 2016 (Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 75(S2):92, 2016).

N.B. Stephens, T.L. Kivell, D.H. Pahr, A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece, J-J. Hublin and M.M. Skinner. Signals of loading and function in the human hand: a multi-method analysis of the external cortical and internal trabecular bone of the metacarpals. In Proceedings of the 85th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, Atlanta, USA, April 2016 (American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 159(S62):302-303, 2016).

T.D. Turmezei, A.H. Gee, K.E. Poole and G.M. Treece. 3D modelling of the hip joint from clinical imaging data. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 24(S293-S294), April 2016.

T.D. Turmezei, A.H. Gee, K.E.S. Poole and G.M. Treece. Joint space mapping: a novel platform for multiparametric quantitative 3D joint analysis from multimodal cross-sectional imaging data. In Proceedings of the European Congress of Radiology, Vienna, Austria, March 2016 (Insights Imaging, 7(S1):S409, 2016).

T.D. Turmezei, A.H. Gee, K.E.S. Poole and G.M. Treece. Validation of joint space mapping: a new 3D approach to quantitative multimodal hip joint space assessment. In Proceedings of the European Congress of Radiology, Vienna, Austria, March 2016 (Insights Imaging, 7(S1):S357, 2016).

T. Whitmarsh, G. Treece, A. Gee, M. Bolognese, J. Brown, S. Goemaere. A, Grauer, D. Hanley, C. Mautalen, C. Recknor, Y.C. Yang, C. Libanati and K. Poole. Romosozumab and Teriparatide effects on vertebral cortical mass, thickness, and density in postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density (BMD). In Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 36th Annual Meeting, Houston, USA, September 2014 (Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 29(S1), 2014).

G.M. Treece and A.H. Gee. Independent measurement of femoral cortical thickness and cortical bone density using clinical QCT. In Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 36th Annual Meeting, Houston, USA, September 2014 (Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 29(S1), 2014).

S.J. Allison, K.E.S. Poole, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee, C. Tonkin, W.J. Rennie, J.P. Folland, G.D. Summers and K. Brooke-Wavell. The influence of exercise on the 3D distribution of cortical and trabecular bone across the proximal femur: the HipHop study. I n Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 36th Annual Meeting, Houston, USA, September 2014 (Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 29(S1), 2014).

F. Johannesdottir, G. Treece, A. Gee, K. Blesic, M. Vindlacheruvu, S. Donell and K.E.S. Poole. Cortical bone defects associated with hip fractures in men. In Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 35th Annual Meeting, Baltimore, USA, October 2013 (Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 28(S1), 2013).

G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee, T.D. Turmezei and K.E.S. Poole. The effects of age, weight and femoral shape on the hip cortex. In Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 35th Annual Meeting, Baltimore, USA, October 2013 (Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 28(S1), 2013).

K.E.S. Poole, G.M. Treece, K.E. Blesic, P.M. Mayhew, T.D. Turmezei, F. Johannesdottir, M. Vindlacheruvu, J. Vaculik, P. Dungl, M. Horak, J.J. Stepan and A.H. Gee. Precise 3D localisation of cortical defects associated with subcapital, trans-cervical and trochanteric hip fractures in life. In Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 35th Annual Meeting, Baltimore, USA, October 2013 (Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 28(S1), 2013).

T. Whitmarsh, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and K.E.S. Poole. Cortical thickness and density changes over the proximal femur resulting from switching to or combining with Teriparatide after prior treatment with Raloxifene or Alendronate. In Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 35th Annual Meeting, Baltimore, USA, October 2013 (Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 28(S1), 2013).

N. Tsaousis, A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece and K.E.S. Poole. Cortical thickness mapping from multi-view DXA. In Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 35th Annual Meeting, Baltimore, USA, October 2013 (Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 28(S1), 2013).

T.D. Turmezei, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and K.E. Poole. 3D cortical thickness mapping of the hip as a new imaging biomarker of osteoarthritis. Rheumatology, 52(S1):65-66, April 2013.

T.D. Turmezei, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and K.E. Poole. Cortical thickness mapping of the proximal femur: towards a new imaging biomarker of hip osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 21(S194), April 2013.

T.D. Turmezei, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and K.E.S. Poole. Cortical thickness mapping reveals effects of age, weight and osteophytes in the proximal femur. In Proceedings of the European Congress of Radiology, Vienna, Austria, March 2013 (Insights Imaging, 4(S1):S298, B-0658, 2013).

N. Tsaousis, A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece and K.E.S. Poole. Cortical thickness estimation of the proximal femur from multi-view dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). In Proceedings of SPIE, Vol. 8670, Medical Imaging 2013, Florida, USA, February 2013.

K.E.S. Poole, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee, J.P. Brown, M.R. McClung, A. Wang and C. Libanati. Denosumab treatment is associated with progressive improvements in cortical mass and thickness throughout the hip. In Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 34th Annual Meeting, Minneapolis, USA, October 2012 (Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 27(S1), 2012).

T.D. Turmezei, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee, C.J. Tonkin, M. Vindlacheruvu, K. Blesic and K.E.S. Poole. Proximal femoral cortical thickness in postmenopausal women shows highly localised significant asymmetry. In Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 34th Annual Meeting, Minneapolis, USA, October 2012 (Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 27(S1), 2012).

E.L. Neale, R.J. Housden, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Can fibroids be demonstrated on 3-dimensional elastrography? In Proceedings of the 21st World Congress on Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Los Angeles, USA, September 2011 (Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 38(S1):275, P33.01, 2011).

G.M. Treece, K.E.S. Poole and A.H. Gee. Estimation of cortical density with clinical CT. In Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 33rd Annual Meeting, San Diego, USA, September 2011 (Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 26(S1), 2011).

K.E.S. Poole, G.M. Treece, P.M. Mayhew, M. Horak, J.J. Stepan and A.H. Gee. Precise 3D localisation of a cortical thinning defect associated with femoral neck fracture in life. In Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 33rd Annual Meeting, San Diego, USA, September 2011 (Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 26(S1), 2011).

K.E.S. Poole, G.M. Treece, G.R. Ridgway, P.M.Mayhew, J. Borggrefe and A.H. Gee. Teriparatide treatment increases cortical bone at critical sites in the femurs of anti-resorptive pre-treated and treatment-naive women with severe osteoporosis. In Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the British Society for Rheumatology, Brighton, UK, April 2011 (Rheumatology, 50:71, 2011).

R.J. Housden, C. Uff, L. Chen, A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager and J.C. Bamber. A new method for the acquisition of strain image volumes. In Proceedings of the Ninth International Tissue Elasticity Conference, page 49, Snowbird, Utah, USA, October 2010.

L. Chen, R.J. Housden, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. A normalization algorithm for axial-shear strain elastography. In Proceedings of the Ninth International Tissue Elasticity Conference, page 68, Snowbird, Utah, USA, October 2010.

G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee, P.M. Mayhew and K.E.S. Poole. Improved evaluation of hip structure using high resolution cortical thickness measurement from clinical CT data. In Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 32nd Annual Meeting, Toronto, Canada, October 2010 (Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 25(S1), 2010).

A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece, P.M. Mayhew, J. Borggrefe and K.E.S. Poole. Teriparatide treatment of osteoporotic women increases cortical bone at critical sites in the proximal femur: an in-vivo study using high resolution cortical thickness mapping. In Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 32nd Annual Meeting, Toronto, Canada, October 2010 (Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 25(S1), 2010).

R.W. Prager, H.H. Wong, H. Gomersall, A.H. Gee, and G.M. Treece. Using graphics processors for three-dimensional ultrasound deconvolution. Proceedings of the Medical Physics and Engineering Conference, page 71, Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine, Nottingham, UK, September 2010.

K.E.S. Poole, A.H. Gee and G.M. Treece. Improved evaluation of hip structure using high resolution cortical thickness measurement from clinical CT data. Communications for the Spring Meeting of the Medical Research Society, page 27P, London, UK, February 2010.

R.J. Housden, A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece and R.W. Prager. Freehand strain image normalization for convex probes. In Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on the Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity, page 87, Vlissingen, The Netherlands, September 2009.

L. Chen, R.J. Housden, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Development of a weighting scheme for strain estimation. In Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on the Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity, page 35, Vlissingen, The Netherlands, September 2009.

L. Chen, R.J. Housden, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. A hybrid displacement estimation method for strain imaging. In Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on the Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity, page 66, Vlissingen, The Netherlands, September 2009.

A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece, L. Chen and R.W. Prager. The use of quality metrics in ultrasonic strain imaging. In M.P. Andre, J.P. Jones and H. Lee, editors, Acoustical Imaging, Volume 30, pages 87-95, Springer, 2011.

U.Z. Ijaz, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and G.M. Treece. A study of similarity measures for in vivo 3D ultrasound volume registration. In M.P. Andre, J.P. Jones and H. Lee, editors, Acoustical Imaging, Volume 30, pages 315-323, Springer, 2011.

U.Z. Ijaz, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and G.M. Treece. Particle swarm optimimization for in vivo 3D ultrasound volume registration. In M.P. Andre, J.P. Jones and H. Lee, editors, Acoustical Imaging, Volume 30, pages 345-354, Springer, 2011.

H-C. Shin, R.W. Prager, W.H. Gomersall, N.G. Kingsbury, G.M. Treece and A.H. Gee Medical ultrasound image deconvolution. In M.P. Andre, J.P. Jones and H. Lee, editors, Acoustical Imaging, Volume 30, pages 371-378, Springer, 2011.

L. Chen, G.M. Treece, J.E. Lindop, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. A multi-directional displacement tracking algorithm for strain imaging. In Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on the Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity, page 60, Austin, Texas, USA, October 2008.

G.M. Treece, J.E. Lindop, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Fast, variable smoothing of strain data using nonparametric regression. In Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on the Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity, page 57, Austin, Texas, USA, October 2008.

R.J. Housden, A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager, G.P. Berry, L. Garcia and J.C. Bamber. A comparison of 3D strain image quality using freehand 3D imaging and a mechanically-swept 3D probe. In Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on the Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity, page 53, Austin, Texas, USA, October 2008.

A.H. Gee, L. Chen, S. Freeman, G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager and L.H. Berman. A clinical database for evaluating freehand quasistatic strain imaging systems. In Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on the Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity, page 25, Austin, Texas, USA, October 2008.

J.E. Lindop, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Compounding and display of pseudo-strain data. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on the Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity, page 29, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, October 2007.

J.E. Lindop, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Strain estimation by non-parametric surface regression. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on the Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity, page 33, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, October 2007.

G.M. Treece, J.E. Lindop, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Freehand strain imaging with a 3D probe. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on the Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity, page 66, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, October 2007.

G.M. Treece, J.E. Lindop, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Normalisation in freehand strain imaging. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on the Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity, page 27, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, October 2007.

J.K.H. Ng, W.H. Gomersall, R.W. Prager, N.G. Kingsbury, G.M. Treece and A.H. Gee. Wavelet restoration of three-dimensional medical pulse-echo ultrasound datasets in an EM framework. In I. Akiyama, editor, Acoustical Imaging, Volume 29 , pages 403-408, Springer, 2008.

G.M. Treece, J.E. Lindop, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Near-real-time 3D ultrasonic strain imaging. In I. Akiyama, editor, Acoustical Imaging, Volume 29, pages 27-32, Springer, 2008.

J.E. Lindop, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Dynamic resolution selection in strain imaging. In I. Akiyama, editor, Acoustical Imaging, Volume 29, pages 33-38, Springer, 2008.

P-W. Hsu, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and G.M. Treece. Real-time freehand 3D ultrasound calibration. Proceedings of SPIE, Volume 6513, Medical Imaging 2007, San Diego, California, March 2007.

P-W. Hsu, R.W. Prager, N.E. Houghton, A.H. Gee and G.M. Treece. Accurate fiducial location for freehand 3D ultrasound. Proceedings of SPIE, Volume 6513, Medical Imaging 2007, San Diego, California, March 2007.

G.M. Treece, J.E. Lindop, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Efficient elimination of dropouts in displacement tracking. In Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on the Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity, page 68, Snowbird, Utah, USA, October 2006.

J.E. Lindop, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Location estimation increases the accuracy of ultrasonic strain estimates. In Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on the Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity, page 104, Snowbird, Utah, USA, October 2006.

R.J. Housden, A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece and R.W. Prager. Sensorless reconstruction of freehand 3D ultrasound data. In Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention - MICCAI'06, volume 2, pages 356-363, Copenhagen, Denmark, October 2006 (LNCS 4191, Springer).

J.K.H. Ng, R.W. Prager, N.G. Kingsbury, G.M. Treece and A.H. Gee. An iterative, wavelet-based deconvolution algorithm for the restoration of ultrasound images in an EM framework. In Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 6147, Medical Imaging 2006, pages 77-88, San Diego, California, February 2006.

J.E. Lindop, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Frame filtering for improved freehand 3D US elastography. In Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on the Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity, page 74, Austin, USA, October 2005.

P. Hassenpflug, R.W. Prager, G.M. Treece and A.H. Gee. Speckle classification for sensorless freehand 3D ultrasound. In Proceedings of Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, pages 119-122, Bristol, UK, July 2005.

P-W. Hsu, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and G.M. Treece. Rapid, easy and reliable calibration for freehand 3D ultrasound. In Proceedings of Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, pages 91-94, Bristol, UK, July 2005.

R.J. Housden, A.H. Gee, R.W. Prager and G.M. Treece. Sensorless freehand 3D ultrasound for non-monotonic and intersecting frames. In Proceedings of Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, pages 127-130, Bristol, UK, July 2005.

A. Marianski, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and G.M. Treece. Ultrasound point-spread function estimation using higher order statistics. In Proceedings of Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, pages 223-226, Bristol, UK, July 2005.

C. Cash, L. Berman, G. Treece, A. Gee and R. Prager. Three-dimensional reconstructions of the normal and abnormal neonatal foot using high-resolution freehand 3D ultrasound. In Proceedings of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA 2004), Chicago, USA, December 2004.

C. Cash, A. Sardesai, L. Berman, M. Herrick, G. Treece, R. Prager and A. Gee. Spatial mapping of the brachial plexus using high resolution three-dimensional ultrasound. In Proceedings of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA 2004), Chicago, USA, December 2004.

J.E. Lindop, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. 3D elastography using freehand ultrasound. In Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention - MICCAI'04, volume 2, pages 1103-1104, Saint-Malo, France, September 2004 (LNCS 3217, Springer).

P. Hassenpflug, R. Prager, G. Treece and A. Gee. Distance measurement for sensorless 3D US. In Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention - MICCAI'04, volume 2, pages 1087-1088, Saint-Malo, France, September 2004 (LNCS 3217, Springer).

G. Treece, R. Prager and A. Gee. Freely available software for 3D RF ultrasound. In Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention - MICCAI'04, volume 2, pages 1099-1100, Saint-Malo, France, September 2004 (LNCS 3217, Springer).

R. Chung, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and G.M. Treece. High frequency image-based flow detection. In Journal of Physics, Conference Series I, Advanced Metrology for Ultrasound in Medicine, pages 193-198, National Physical Laboratory, UK, 2004.

R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece, C.J.C. Cash and L. Berman. Using image-based regression to acquire freehand 3D ultrasound. In Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging, pages 970-973, Washington DC, USA, July 2002.

G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee, C.J.C. Cash and L. Berman. Grey-scale gating for freehand 3D ultrasound. In Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging, pages 993-996, Washington DC, USA, July 2002.

G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and L. Berman. Correction of probe pressure artifacts in freehand 3D ultrasound. In Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention - MICCAI'01, pages 283-290, Utrecht, The Netherlands, October 2001 (LNCS 2208, Springer).

R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and L. Berman. Freehand 3D ultrasound without a position sensor. In Proceedings of Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, pages 19-22, London, UK, July 2000.

J.C. Carr, M.M. Fynes, A.H. Gee, R.W. Prager, G.M. Treece, C. Overton and L. Berman. Design of a clinical freehand 3D ultrasound system. In Proceedings of Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, pages 15-18, London, UK, July 2000.

G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and L. Berman. Volume measurement of large organs with 3D ultrasound. In Proceedings of Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, pages 133-136, London, UK, July 2000.

G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and L. Berman. Volume measurement of large organs with 3D ultrasound. In the Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 3982, Medical Imaging 2000 (Ultrasonic Imaging and Signal Processing), pages 2-13, San Diego, California, February 2000.

J.C. Carr, J.L. Stallkamp, M.M. Fynes, A.H. Gee, R.W. Prager, G.M. Treece, C. Overton and L. Berman. Design of a clinical free-hand 3D ultrasound system. In the Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 3982, Medical Imaging 2000 (Ultrasonic Imaging and Signal Processing), pages 14-25, San Diego, California, February 2000.

A. Gee, R. Prager and L. Berman. Non-planar reslicing for freehand 3D ultrasound. In Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention - MICCAI'99, pages 716-725, Cambridge UK, September 1999 (LNCS 1679, Springer).

A. Gee, R. Prager and L. Berman. Non-planar reslicing for freehand 3D ultrasound. In Proceedings of Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, pages 13-16, Oxford, UK, 1999.

G. Treece, R. Prager, A. Gee and L. Berman. Surface interpolation from sparse cross-sections using region correspondence. In Proceedings of Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, pages 17-20, Oxford, UK, 1999.

R. Prager, A. Gee, M. Pearson and L. Berman. Practical segmentation of 3D ultrasound. In Proceedings of Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, pages 161-164, Oxford, UK, 1999.

J.F.G. de Freitas, M. Milo, P. Clarkson, M. Niranjan and A.H. Gee. Sequential support vector machines. In Y-H. Hu, J. Larsen, E. Wilson and S. Douglas, editors, Neural Networks for Signal Processing IX - Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE Signal Processing Society Workshop, pages 31-40, IEEE Press, New York, 1999.

R. Rohling, A. Gee, L. Berman and G. Treece. Radial basis function interpolation for 3D freehand ultrasound. In Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Processing in Medical Imaging, pages 478-483, Visegr&#225d, Hungary, June 1999 (LNCS 1613, Springer).

G. Treece, R. Prager, A. Gee and L. Berman. Volume measurement in sequential freehand 3-D ultrasound. In Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Processing in Medical Imaging, pages 70-83, Visegr&#225d, Hungary, June 1999 (LNCS 1613, Springer).

J.F. Gomes De Freitas, M. Niranjan and A.H. Gee. Hybrid Sequential Monte Carlo / Kalman Methods to Train Neural Networks in Non-Stationary Environments. In Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, volume 2, pages 1057-1060, Phoenix, Arizona, March 1999.

J.F. Gomes De Freitas, M. Niranjan, A. Doucet and A.H. Gee. Global optimisation of neural network models via sequential sampling. In M.J. Kearns, S.A. Solla and D. Cohn, editors, Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 11, pages 410-416, MIT Press, 1999.

J.F. Gomes De Freitas, S.E. Johnson, M. Niranjan and A.H. Gee. Global optimisation of neural network models via sequential sample-importance resampling. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, volume 4, pages 1307-1310, Sydney, Australia, December 1998.

R. Prager, A. Gee and L. Berman. Real-time tools for freehand 3D ultrasound. In Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention - MICCAI'98, pages 1016-1023, Cambridge MA, October 1998 (LNCS 1496, Springer).

J. Stevens, A. Gee and C. Dance. Automatic processing of document annotations. In Proceedings of the 1998 British Machine Vision Conference, volume 2, pages 438-448, Southampton, September 1998.

J.F. Gomes De Freitas, M. Niranjan and A.H. Gee. Nonlinear state space learning with EM and neural networks. In M. Niranjan, E. Wilson, T. Constantinides and S-Y. Kung, editors, Neural Networks for Signal Processing VIII - Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE Signal Processing Society Workshop, pages 254-263, IEEE Press, New York, 1998.

R. Prager, A. Gee and L. Berman. 3D ultrasound without voxels. In Proceedings of Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, pages 93-96, Leeds, July 1998.

C. Sherratt, A. Basman, R. Prager and A. Gee. Interactive segmentation of ultrasound images by creep-and-merge. In Proceedings of Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, pages 133-136, Leeds, July 1998.

J.C. Carr, A.H. Gee, R.W. Prager and K.J. Dalton. Quantitative visualisation of surfaces from volumetric data. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference in Central Europe on Computer Graphics and Visualization, pages 57-64, Plzen, Czech Republic, February 1998.

R.N. Rohling, A.H. Gee and L. Berman. Automatic registration of 3-D ultrasound images. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision, pages 298-303, Mumbai, India, January 1998.

J.C. Carr, W.R. Fright, A.H. Gee, R.W. Prager and K.J. Dalton. 3D shape reconstruction using volumetric intersection techniques. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision, pages 1095-1100, Mumbai, India, January 1998.

J.F. Gomes De Freitas, M. Niranjan and A.H. Gee. Regularisation in sequential learning algorithms. In M. I. Jordan, M. J. Kearns and S. A. Solla, editors, Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 10, pages 458-464. MIT Press, 1998.

A.R. Zappalá, A.H. Gee and M.J. Taylor. Document mosaicing. In Proceedings of the 1997 British Machine Vision Conference, volume 2, pages 600-609, Colchester, September 1997.

B.V Levienaise-Obadia and A.H. Gee. Adaptive segmentation of ultrasound images. In Proceedings of the 1997 British Machine Vision Conference, volume 1, pages 202-211, Colchester, September 1997.

R.N. Rohling, A.H. Gee, R.W. Prager and L. Berman. 3D spatial compounding of ultrasound images. In Proceedings of Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, pages 37-40, Oxford, July 1997.

C.R. Dance, M.H. Syn, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee, J.P.M. Gosling and L.H. Berman. Interactive segmentation of 3D ultrasound using deformable solid models and active contours. In Proceedings of Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, pages 25-28, Oxford, July 1997.

R.N. Rohling, A.H. Gee and L. Berman. Spatial compounding of 3-D ultrasound images. In Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Information Processing in Medical Imaging, pages 519-524, Poultney, Vermont, June 1997 (LNCS 1230, Springer).

R.N.Rohling and A.H.Gee. Correcting motion-induced registration errors in 3-D ultrasound images. In Proceedings of the 1996 British Machine Vision Conference, volume 2, pages 645-654, Edinburgh, September 1996.

A.H.Gee and R.Cipolla. Adaptive visual tracking by temporal consensus. In Proceedings of the 2nd Asian Conference on Computer Vision, volume 1, pages 44-48, Singapore, December 1995.

A.H.Gee and R.Cipolla. Estimating gaze from a single view of a face. In Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, volume 1, pages 758-760, Jerusalem, Israel, October 1994.

A.H.Gee and R.Cipolla. Non-intrusive gaze tracking for human-computer interaction. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice, pages 112-117, Toowoomba, Australia, September 1994.

A.H.Gee, S.V.B.Aiyer, and R.W.Prager. A subspace approach to invariant pattern recognition using Hopfield networks. In Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, pages 795-800, Singapore, November 1991.

Invited conference presentations

R. Prager, A. Gee, G. Treece, J. Lindop and N. Kingsbury. Deconvolution and elastography based on 3D ultrasound. In Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, pages 548-557, Beijing, China, November 2008.

G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager and A.H. Gee. Radiotherapy planning with freehand 3D ultrasound. In Bioengineering '08, page 92, London, UK, September 2008.

R. Prager, A. Gee, G. Treece and L. Berman. Freehand 3D ultrasound without voxels: volume measurement and visualisation using the Stradx system. Ultrasonics International, Delft, The Netherlands, July 2001.

Refereed conference presentations

B. Carmo, A. Gee, R. Prager and L. Berman. Speckle detection for 3D ultrasound. Ultrasonics International, Delft, The Netherlands, July 2001.

R. Prager, A. Gee, G. Treece and L. Berman. Analysis of speckle in ultrasound images using fractional-order statistics of the homodyned k-distribution. Ultrasonics International, Delft, The Netherlands, July 2001.

Dissertations

A.H. Gee. Problem solving with optimization networks. PhD thesis, also published as technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 150, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, July 1993.

Technical Reports

A.H. Gee, Y. Zhao, G.M. Treece and M.L. Bance. Practicable assessment of cochlear size and shape from clinical CT images. Technical report ENG TR.004, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, July 2020.

A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece and K.E.S. Poole. How does the femoral cortex depend on bone shape? A methodology for the joint analysis of surface texture and shape. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 704, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, June 2017.

A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece, C.J. Tonkin, D.M. Black and K.E.S. Poole. Association between femur size and a focal defect of the superior femoral neck. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 696, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, February 2015.

G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee, C. Tonkin, S.K. Ewing, P.M. Cawthon, D. Black and K.E.S. Poole. Predicting hip fracture type with cortical bone mapping (CBM) in the osteoporotic fractures in men (MrOS) study. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 695, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, January 2015.

G.M. Treece and A.H. Gee. Independent measurement of femoral cortical thickness and cortical bone density using clinical CT. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 691, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, April 2014.

A.H. Gee and G.M. Treece. Systematic misregistration and the statistical analysis of surface data. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 686, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, June 2013.

R.J. Housden, A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece and R.W. Prager. Ultrasonic imaging of 3D displacement vectors using a simulated 2D array and beamsteering. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 669, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, June 2011.

G.M. Treece, K.E.S. Poole and A.H. Gee. Imaging the femoral cortex: thickness, density and mass from clinical CT. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 665, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, April 2011.

R.J. Housden, C. Uff, L. Chen, A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager and J.C. Bamber. A new method for the acquisition of ultrasonic strain image volumes. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 656, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, August 2010.

L. Chen, R.J. Housden, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. A data weighting scheme for quasistatic ultrasound elasticity imaging. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 651, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, May 2010.

L. Chen, R.J. Housden, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. A normalization method for axial-shear strain elastography. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 645, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, April 2010.

U.Z. Ijaz, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and G.M. Treece. Rapid hybrid ultrasound volume registration. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 644, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, March 2010.

G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and K.E.S. Poole. High resolution cortical thickness measurement from clinical CT data. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 634, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, October 2009.

U.Z. Ijaz, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and G.M. Treece. Optimisation strategies for ultrasound volume registration. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 635, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, August 2009.

H-C. Shin, R.W. Prager, W.H. Gomersall, N.G. Kingsbury, G.M. Treece and A.H. Gee. Estimation of speed of sound using medical ultrasound image deconvolution. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 626, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, April 2009.

R.J. Housden, A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece and R.W. Prager. 3D ultrasonic strain imaging using freehand scanning and a mechanically-swept probe. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 623, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, January 2009.

L. Chen, R.J. Housden, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. A hybrid displacement estimation method for ultrasonic elasticity imaging. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 615, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, November 2008.

H-C. Shin, R.W. Prager, J.K.H. Ng, W.H. Gomersall, N.G. Kingsbury, G.M. Treece and A.H. Gee. Sensitivity to point-spread function parameters in medical ultrasound image deconvolution. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 600, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, April 2008.

J.E. Lindop, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Nonparametric surface regression for strain estimation. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 598, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, March 2008.

L. Chen, G.M. Treece, J.E. Lindop, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. A quality-guided displacement tracking algorithm for ultrasonic elasticity imaging. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 593, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, January 2008.

P-W. Hsu, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and G.M. Treece. Freehand 3D ultrasound calibration: a review. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 584, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, December 2007.

R.J. Housden, A.H. Gee, R.W. Prager and G.M. Treece. Rotational motion in sensorless freehand 3D ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 587, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, October 2007.

P-W. Hsu, G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager, N.E. Houghton and A.H. Gee. Comparison of freehand 3D ultrasound calibration techniques using a stylus. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 579, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, June 2007.

J.E. Lindop, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. An intelligent interface for freehand strain imaging. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR578, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, May 2007.

G.M. Treece, J.E. Lindop, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Freehand ultrasound elastography with a 3D probe. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 577, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, May 2007.

R.J. Housden, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Hybrid systems for reconstruction of freehand 3D ultrasound data. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR574, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, March 2007.

J.E. Lindop, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Dynamic resolution selection in ultrasonic strain imaging. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 566, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, September 2006.

P-W. Hsu, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and G.M. Treece. Real-time freehand 3D ultrasound calibration. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 565, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, September 2006.

G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager and A.H. Gee. Ultrasound compounding with automatic attenuation compensation using paired angle scans. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 558, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, June 2006.

J.E. Lindop, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Phase-based ultrasonic deformation estimation. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 555, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, May 2006.

J.K.H. Ng, R.W. Prager, N.G. Kingsbury, G.M. Treece and A.H. Gee. Wavelet restoration of medical pulse-echo ultrasound images in an EM framework. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 554, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, May 2006.

R.J. Housden, A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece and R.W. Prager. Sensorless reconstruction of unconstrained freehand 3D ultrasound data. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 553, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, May 2006.

J.E. Lindop, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Estimation of displacement location for enhanced strain imaging. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 550, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, March 2006.

R.J. Housden, A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece and R.W. Prager. Sub-sample interpolation strategies for sensorless freehand 3D ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 545, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, January 2006.

P-W. Hsu, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and G.M. Treece. Rapid, easy and reliable calibration for freehand 3D ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 534, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, August 2005

J.E. Lindop, G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. 3D elastrography using freehand ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 531, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, July 2005.

J.K.H. Ng, R.W. Prager, N.G. Kingsbury, G.M. Treece and A.H. Gee. Tomographic estimation of the point-spread function of an ultrasound imaging system for deconvolution. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 529, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, June 2005.

P. Hassenpflug, R.W. Prager, G.M. Treece and A.H. Gee. Speckle classification for sensorless freehand 3D ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 513, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, March 2005.

A.H. Gee, R.J. Housden, P. Hassenpflug, G.M. Treece and R.W. Prager. Sensorless freehand 3D ultrasound in real tissue: speckle decorrelation without fully developed speckle. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 510, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, January 2005.

J.K.H. Ng, R.W. Prager, N.G. Kingsbury, G.M. Treece and A.H. Gee. Modelling ultrasound imaging as a linear, shift-variant system. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 509, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, January 2005.

G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager and A.H. Gee. Ultrasound attenuation measurement in the presence of scatterer variation for reduction of shadowing and enhancement. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 502, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, November 2004.

A.H. Gee, N.E. Houghton, G.M. Treece and R.W. Prager. 3D ultrasound probe calibration without a position sensor. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 488, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, September 2004.

G.M. Treece, A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. RF and amplitude-based probe pressure correction for 3D ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 491, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, August 2004.

A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager, C.J.C. Cash and L. Berman. Rapid registration for wide field-of-view freehand 3D ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 447, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, January 2003.

G.M. Treece, A. H. Gee, R. W. Prager, C.J.C. Cash and L.H. Berman. High resolution freehand 3D ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 438, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, August 2002.

R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece, C.J.C. Cash and L.H. Berman. Using image-based regression to acquire freehand 3D ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 436, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, June 2002.

G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and L. Berman. Correction of probe pressure artifacts in freehand 3D ultrasound - further results and convex probes. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 421, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, October 2001.

R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece and L. Berman. Speckle detection in ultrasound images using first order statistics. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 415, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, July 2001.

G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and L. Berman. Correction of probe pressure artifacts in freehand 3D ultrasound - initial results. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 411, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, April 2001.

R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee, G.M. Treece and L. Berman. Decompression and speckle detection for ultrasound images using a homodyned k-distribution. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 397, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, November 2000.

A.H. Gee, R.W. Prager, G.M. Treece and L. Berman. Narrow-band volume rendering for freehand 3D ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 392, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, September 2000.

G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager and A.H. Gee. Volume-based three-dimensional metamorphosis using region correspondence. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 379, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, April 2000.

G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and L. Berman. 3D ultrasound examination of large organs. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 367, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, December 1999.

P.M. Tuomola, A.H. Gee, R.W. Prager and L. Berman. Body-centered visualisation for freehand 3D ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 362, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, October 1999.

G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and L. Berman. Surface interpolation from sparse cross-sections using region correspondence. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 342, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, March 1999.

A.H. Gee, R.W. Prager and L. Berman. Non-planar reslicing for freehand 3D ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 340, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, January 1999.

G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager and A.H. Gee. Regularised marching tetrahedra: improved iso-surface extraction. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 333, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, September 1998.

J.F.G. de Freitas, M.Niranjan, A.H. Gee and A. Doucet. Sequential Monte Carlo methods for optimisation of neural network models. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 328, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, July 1998.

R.N. Rohling, A.H. Gee and L. Berman. Radial basis function interpolation for 3-D ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 327, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, July 1998.

G.M. Treece, R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and L. Berman. Fast surface and volume estimation from non-parallel cross-sections, for freehand 3-D ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 326, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, July 1998.

J.F.G. de Freitas, M. Niranjan and A.H. Gee. The EM algorithm and neural networks for nonlinear state space estimation. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 313, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, May 1998.

R.W. Prager, A.H. Gee and L. Berman. Stradx: real-time acquisition and visualisation of freehand 3D ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 319, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, April 1998.

J.F.G. de Freitas, M. Niranjan and A.H. Gee. Hierarchical Bayesian-Kalman models for regularisation and ARD in sequential learning. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 307, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, December 1997.

R.W. Prager, R.N. Rohling, A.H. Gee and L. Berman. Automatic calibration for 3-D free-hand ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 303, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, September 1997.

R.N. Rohling, A.H. Gee and L. Berman Automatic registration of 3-D ultrasound images. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 290, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, May 1997.

R.N. Rohling, A.H. Gee and L. Berman. Spatial compounding of 3-D ultrasound images. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 270, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, October 1996.

R.N. Rohling and A.H. Gee. Issues in 3-D free-hand medical ultrasound imaging. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 246, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, January 1996.

A.H. Gee and R. Cipolla. Fast visual tracking by temporal consensus. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 207, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, February 1995.

A.H. Gee and R. Cipolla. Determining the gaze of faces in images. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 174, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, March 1994.

A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Polyhedral combinatorics and neural networks. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 100, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, May 1992.

A.H. Gee and R.W. Prager. Alternative energy functions for optimizing neural networks. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 95, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, March 1992.

A.H. Gee, S.V.B. Aiyer, and R.W. Prager. Neural networks and combinatorial optimization problems - the key to a successful mapping. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 77, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, July 1991.

A.H. Gee, S.V.B. Aiyer, and R.W. Prager. A subspace approach to invariant pattern recognition using Hopfield networks. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 62, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, January 1991.