LARGE SCALE DISCRIMINATIVE TRAINING FOR SPEECH RECOGNITION
P.C. Woodland & D. Povey
Sept 2000
This paper describes, and evaluates on a large scale, the lattice based framework for discriminative training of large vocabulary speech recognition systems based on Gaussian mixture hidden Markov models (HMMs). The paper concentrates on the maximum mutual information estimation (MMIE) criterion which has been used to train HMM systems for conversational telephone speech transcription using up to 265 hours of training data. These experiments represent the largest-scale application of discriminative training techniques for speech recognition of which the authors are aware, and have led to significant reductions in word error rate for both triphone and quinphone HMMs compared to our best models trained using maximum likelihood estimation. The MMIE lattice-based implementation used; techniques for ensuring improved generalisation; and interactions with maximum likelihood based adaptation are all discussed. Furthermore several variations to the MMIE training scheme are introduced with the aim of reducing over-training.
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